Face masks may help to reduce coronavirus transmission, but as more and more people start to wear them, a new phenomenon is emerging – increasing reports of dry eyes.
Scientists have termed this condition MADE (mask-associated dry eye), according to Professor Lyndon Jones from the School of Optometry & Vision Science at the University of Waterloo.
Writing for The Conversation, he explained: “People with existing dry eye disease report worsening symptoms — a problematic occurrence for the tens of millions of people worldwide who already struggle with the issue.
“Concurrently, previously asymptomatic patients are flagging uncomfortable eyes and variable vision for the first time, particularly when reading or using digital devices for a long period of time.”
Our eyes become dry when there’s an imbalance in our tear film – the liquid layer that coats the eye’s surface.
Wearing a mask can affect the tear film balance, due to the reduction of air spread outwards from the mouth and nose, according to Professor Jones.
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He explained: “Face masks significantly reduce the spread of air outwards from the mouth and nose. However, exhaled air still needs to disperse; when a mask sits loosely against the face the likely route is upwards.
“This forces a stream of air over the surface of the eye, creating conditions that accelerate the evaporation of the tear film, like a steady breeze blowing over damp skin. When masks are worn for extended periods, this repeated evaporation may lead to dry spots on the ocular surface.”
Worryingly, having dry eyes may encourage you to touch your eyes, which could increase your risk of Covid-19.
Professor Jones added: “ Coronavirus transmission is possible via the mouth and nose, and, to a lesser extent, potentially the eyes. Bringing unwashed hands near the face may increase the likelihood of infection. That is an additional reason to tackle MADE.”
Thankfully, there are several things you can do to relieve your dry eyes.
Professor Jones advised: “As with any new eye-related concern, first check with an eye care practitioner for advice and to rule out other causes.
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“Second, ensure that a mask is worn appropriately, particularly when wearing spectacles and sunglasses. A close-fitted mask, or carefully taped top edge that does not interfere with blinking, may help direct air flow downwards. This helps prevent lenses from steaming and reduces MADE.
“Lubricating drops may help with comfort. Eye care practitioners can recommend the best type, based on medical history and circumstances.
“Limit time in air-conditioned or windy environments when wearing masks, and take regular breaks from digital devices.”
Finally, while your eyes might be uncomfortable, it’s important that you don’t ditch the mask entirely.
Professor Jones concluded: “Is wearing a mask worth it, when you may have to possibly contend with MADE? Absolutely! Masks are here for the foreseeable future. Along with social distancing and hygiene measures, they represent a crucial part of our defence against the spread of COVID-19.”
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